卷烟烟气及绿茶对蚕豆根尖细胞微核的诱导作用

[目的]研究不同类型卷烟烟气水溶物对蚕豆（ViciafabaL.）根尖细胞微核的诱变作用,并在此基础上探讨了绿茶添加剂对卷烟烟气诱导微核的抑制作用。[方法]卷烟品牌分别为白沙、中南海和狮牌,类型分别为烤烟型、混合型和雪茄型。烟气水溶物的浓度分别为1/8母液、1/4母液和1/2母液,烟气茶溶物浓度为1/4母液。[结果]烟气水溶物能够引起蚕豆根尖细胞微核率发生明显变化,并在一定范围内随浓度增强而加强,其中,狮牌〉白沙〉中南海。相同浓度下,各类型卷烟烟气茶溶物引起的细胞微核率低于同种卷烟烟气水溶物。绿茶对狮牌卷烟微核诱导的抑制作用最明显,对白沙次之,对中南海卷烟最弱。[结论]该研究可为将绿茶用作添加物从而降低烟毒的可行性提供科学依据。     

山羊皱胃平滑肌细胞的培养及鉴定

用外科手术方法取山羊皱胃的平滑肌组织,采用组织块培养的方法,在体外进行山羊皱胃平滑肌细胞的分离培养,为反刍动物皱胃疾病的研究提供了实验材料。结果表明,本研究成功培养出山羊皱胃的平滑肌细胞。倒置显微镜下,细胞生长状态良好,呈现平滑肌细胞特征性的"峰-谷"状结构,活细胞达95%以上,免疫组化染色显示细胞浆内平滑肌肌动蛋白呈阳性表达。     

Pathogenesis and Subsequent Cross‐Protection of Influenza Virus Infection in Pigs Sustained by an H1N2 Strain

The H1N1, H3N2 and, more recently, H1N2 subtypes of influenza A virus are presently co‐circulating in swine herds in several countries. The objectives of this study were to investigate the pathogenesis of Sw/Italy/1521/98 (H1N2) influenza virus, isolated from respiratory tissues of pigs from herds in Northern Italy, and to evaluate its potential cross‐protection against the Sw/Fin/2899/82 (H1N1) strain. In the pathogenesis test, eight pigs were intranasally infected with H1N2 virus; at pre‐determined intervals, these animals were killed and necropsied, along with eight uninfected animals. In the cross‐protection test, sixteen pigs were infected by intranasal (i.n.) and intratracheal (i.t.) routes with either H1N2 or H1N1 virus. Twenty days later, all pigs were challenged (by the same route), with either the homologous H1N2 or heterologous H1N1 virus strains. Control group was inoculated with culture medium alone. On post‐challenge days (PCD) 1 and 3, two pigs from each infected group, along with one control pig, were killed. Clinical, virological, serological and histopathological investigations were performed in both the pathogenicity and cross‐protection tests. In the pathogenicity test, mild clinical signs were observed in two pigs during 3 and 4 days, respectively. Virus was isolated from two pigs over 6 days and from lung samples of pigs killed on post‐infection days 2 and 4. Seroconversion was detected in the two infected animals killed 15 days after infection. In the cross‐protection study, mild clinical respiratory signs were detected in all pigs infected with either the H1N2 or H1N1 virus. The virus was isolated from nasal swabs of almost all pigs till 6 days. After the challenge infection, the pigs remained clinically healthy and virus isolation from the nasal secretions or lung samples was sporadic. Antibody titres in H1N1 or H1N2 infected groups were similar, whereas the H1N2 sub‐type induced less protection against re‐infection by homologous and heterologous virus than H1N1 sub‐type. The controls had no signs of the disease. In the H1N2 infected pigs, a reduced number of goblet cells in nasal and tracheal mucosa and small foci of lymphomononuclear cell infiltrates in the submucosa were detected. Furthermore, the goblet cell reduction was related to the time of infection. Diffuse mild interstitial pneumonia was also recorded in pigs infected with the H1N2 virus and challenged with either H1N1or H1N2 pigs. These studies showed the moderate virulence of the H1N2 virus and a partial cross‐protection against heterologous infection.     

茶园绿肥品种的筛选

对绿肥1号和四种不同的绿肥品种分别进行植株N、P、K养分含量和产青量分析评价。结果表明,绿肥1号是一种含N量高,产青量高的绿肥品种。     

小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基及1B·1R易位系对新疆拉面品质性状的影响

[目的]小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基的遗传变异及1B·1R易位系对新疆拉面品种品质性状的影响.[方法]利用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)及1B·1R易位系分子标记,分析了82份新疆小麦材料高分子量谷蛋白亚基及1B·1R易位系组成和分布频率,对其理化品质和面团流变学特性进行检测,评价拉面蒸煮品质.[结果]82份小麦材料共出现9种高分子量谷蛋白亚基类型,6种高分子量谷蛋白亚基与9项次理化品质性状相关性显著,6种亚基与14项次面团流变学特性相关性显著,5种亚基与15项次拉面感官评价指标评分相关性显著.其中7+8、5+10、2+10为优质亚基,7、7+9、2+12为劣质亚基.同时,小麦品质性状以及拉面品质指标在1B·1R易位系中的表现都比在非1B·1R易位系中差,特别是面团流变学特性方面两者相差较大.[结论]利用HMW-GS组成,能够对小麦品质特性和拉面食用品质特性指标进行准确预测.在以后研究中应注意亚基组合对拉面品质指标的影响.同时,淘汰1B·1R易位系材料将有助于提高小麦的面筋质量.     

核桃外果皮不同萃取部位对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞抑制作用研究

[目的]研究核桃外果皮不同萃取部位对人宫颈癌细胞的抑制作用,筛选核桃外果皮抗肿瘤活性部位.[方法]采用MTT法,选用人宫颈癌HeLa细胞,对核桃外果皮不同萃取部位进行抗肿瘤活性筛选.[结果]石油醚萃取部位、氯仿萃取部位、乙酸乙酯萃取部位、正丁醇萃取部位对HeLa细胞的IC50分别为158.81、40.43、130.49和137.67 mg/L,水相部位对HeLa细胞无抑制作用.[结论]核桃外果皮石油醚萃取部位、氯仿萃取部位、乙酸乙酯萃取部位、正丁醇萃取部位对HeLa细胞均有抑制作用,其中氯仿萃取部位对HeLa细胞具有较强的抑制作用,初步认定氯仿萃取部位为核桃外果皮的抗肿瘤活性有效部位.     

两个低谷蛋白基因插入缺失标记的设计与验证

低谷蛋白稻米是肾脏病人极有效的食疗辅助品,培育低谷蛋白功能性水稻品种具有重大意义。低谷蛋白基因Lgc1作为培育低谷蛋白功能性水稻品种的优质资源,受到了育种家的青睐。为提高低谷蛋白基因Lgc1分子标记辅助选择的准确性,我们根据其突变体在两个谷蛋白基因GluB4和GluB5间的碱基缺失,设计出了Lgc1基因的插入缺失标记InDel-Lgc1-A和InDel-Lgc1-B。利用InDel标记对W3660(Lgc1低谷蛋白品种)/南粳46(谷蛋白正常品种)的F2分离群体和13份水稻品种进行检测验证。依据其PCR扩增产物的电泳带型,可准确地区分出低谷蛋白纯合基因、谷蛋白正常纯合基因和杂合基因型3种带型,且3种带型与其植株或品种相应的蛋白性状表现完全一致,表明这两对InDel标记可用于Lgc1低谷蛋白基因资源的鉴定以及分子辅助育种。     

利用Pi-1基因邻近SSR标记鉴定稻瘟病抗性

Pi-1是具有广谱抗性的水稻显性主效抗稻瘟病基因,位于水稻11号染色体末端。本研究选择靠近此处的SSR标记15对,用含有Pi-1基因的Lac23与不含Pi-1基因恢复力强的N优69-1进行检测。检测出有差异条带5对引物,分别为RM224、RM254、RM2136、RM6094和RM6293。另外,以N优69-1为母本,以LAC23为父本进行杂交至F8代群体,利用上述差异分子标记,在F8趋亲单株中选择与Lac23标记一致的单株,与田间稻瘟病鉴定结果相比较。结果显示,RM6293对含有Pi-1基因材料的选育有较大的准确度,其次为RM254RM224RM2136RM6094。本实验与其它研究不同的是采用了F8代群体,认为多次自交重组后的遗传稳定株系才可能得到稳定的标记。     

毛囊干细胞的分离方法及其应用

毛囊干细胞是皮肤组织工程理想的种子细胞,分离纯化是其研究的基础手段。毛囊干细胞能分化成毛囊、皮脂腺、表皮,在组织维持与更新及某些临床疾病的治疗中均起到重要的作用。作者介绍了近年来毛囊干细胞几种常用的分离纯化方法,包括组织块法和酶消化法等,为进一步研究毛囊干细胞的特性和应用提供参考。     

不同培养液对体外培养的小鼠胸腺上皮细胞增殖的影响

分离纯化小鼠胸腺上皮细胞（mTEC）,以DMEM、DMEM/F12、RPMI 1640 3种基础培养液加10%胎牛血清完全培养液进行培养, MTT法和流式细胞术分别检测mTEC的增殖及细胞周期,筛选出最适合mTEC生长的培养液。结果表明,DMEM培养的mTEC增殖快,细胞增殖指数明显高于DMEM/F12、RPMI 1640培养液,表明DMEM是mTEC体外培养的最佳培养液。